Alpine ecosystems host remarkable biodiversity adapted to extreme environmental conditions. Mountain species have developed specific adaptations that allow them to survive harsh winters, low temperatures, and strong variations in snow cover.
However, climate change is gradually modifying these environments. Reduced snow cover, habitat transformation and human pressure related to tourism or infrastructure can weaken several emblematic Alpine species.
This page presents several characteristic species of Alpine wildlife, along with summary information about their altitude range, their conservation status and the main threats affecting them.
Some Alpine species are particularly vulnerable to climate change and to the progressive disappearance of glaciers.
Conservation status: based on the categories of the IUCN Red List.
The information presented on this page is an educational synthesis based on these scientific sources and on literature dedicated to Alpine ecosystems.